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Open air slave market in libya12/19/2023 ![]() ![]() The impoverished condition of countries within the African region has orchestrated corruption, insecurity, social vices, poor health facilities, food shortages, bad roads, poor educational and welfare systems, unstable power supply, unemployment, terrorism, ethnic and religious crises (Adefeso, 2018). Africa hosts the world poorest countries and predominantly nations with gross domestic product per capita below $US1000 (World Population Review, 2019). Since post-colonial independence, virtually all parts of the African continent have been rocked with political, religious, social, and economic upheavals. Despite these post-migration difficulties African migrants experience large happiness gains following migration to Western Europe. African migrants who finally make it to Europe must also contend with immigration detentions, language difficulties, battle for legal status, undertake low status job, experience racial discrimination, prejudice and acculturative stress. Usually, deaths occur on the sea as a result of over-loading, insufficient fuel supply into vessels, faulty engines, stormy weather, dehydration, hunger and suffocation from exhaust smokes. Smugglers arrange migrants in an unworthy vessels or inflatable rubber boats on the sea. The crossing of the Mediterranean Sea is considered the most dreadful part of the journey. On getting to Libya (the major corridor to Europe) migrants undergo human right violations and abuses, dehumanization, unlawful killings, extortions, torture, slavery, rape and gender-based violence, forced labor, illegal detention and confinements in the hands of State and non-State actors encouraged by the so-called EU-Libya 2017 memorandum of understanding. It is reported that one third of deaths recorded in the entire migration process occur in the desert. In the hot desert, migrants experience rape, sexual abuse, kidnapping, hunger, thirst, exhaustion, violent attacks and death from traffickers and bandits who roam the desert to extort, rob and kill. Consequently, many Africans flee these unsavoury conditions by making a dangerous journey via the Sahara Desert towards Europe. African countries constitute more than half of the first 23 countries experiencing very high impact of terrorism in the world. ![]() The incessant religious conflicts and insurgences by the Al-Qaida Islamic Maghreb, Al-Shabaab, Boko Haram and other terrorist groups have led to loss of thousands of lives, thus generating millions of refugees and internally displaced persons. Together with South Asia, sub-Saharan Africa hosts 85% of people in the world suffering from multidimensional poverty. ![]() The political, religious and economic crises rocking different regions of Africa served as push factors to migrating into Europe. ![]()
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